Essay about Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe - 1104 Words

The novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe highlights the many important historical events that happened during the period of colonialism, spread of religious fervor to Africa from Europe, and the importance of the native religion among African societies. Achebe shows that religion holds a major influence in many African societies and influences the daily life of the natives. Furthermore, the novel introduces a major event that happen during pre-colonial Africa, the spread of the Christian faith, which forever changed and affected the natives in Africa, more specifically the Igbo society located in Nigeria. Things Fall Apart vividly describes and explains how the Christian faith that arrived in Africa changed both the†¦show more content†¦This inevitably leads him to wonder toward Christianity and finds that this religion fits his point of view and answers his questions. In Things Fall Apart, there are people who are called osu, the outcasts of the Igbo society. They live in near the edge of the evil forest and could not cut their hair. In addition, the osu cannot hold any titles and cannot enter a marriage. However, with the arrival of Christianity many join the Christian faith as stated on page 138, â€Å"The two outcasts shaved off their hair, and soon they were the strongest adherents of the new faith.† The osu views the Christian faith as a haven for them and as a place of acceptance where they are accepted with open arms by the church members. This quote shows that Christianity guides the Igbo society by providing a clear difference between the Igbo society and that of the Christian church members from Europe. To add on, there are many people that see that the clear difference and decide that the church provides them with a better life than the Igbo. Furthermore, the quote even shows the flaw in Igbo society where men and women do not have equal rights, whereas the Christians view all their church members as equal, not discriminating against a person based on their gender. Along bring the Christian faith into Africa; the missionaries also bring with them their education system that acts as guidance for the native people by educating them.Show MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1415 Words   |  6 Pagesbook Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe does just that. This book should be taught in schools because it shows the values and traditions of Achebe’s Igbo culture, persistently teaches life lessons throughout the book, and shows the darker reality of European colonialism in Africa. Chinua Achebe is known as one of the most influential and famous authors to ever write. Chinua Achebe originates from an Igbo background and he expresses that through his writings very well including Things Fall ApartRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe1324 Words   |  6 Pages Chinua Achebe chose to write his novels in English to reveal a deep response of his people to colonisation and to make that response understood to people all over the world. Things Fall Apart was written in English to teach people worldwide of the struggles he faced and the people of Nigeria faced growing up. Many authors and critics have written about Achebe’s ‘Things fall apart’ adding their valued opinion on what he was trying to say and his decision to write in English. In the followingRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pages who took their land for monetary gain. This was a dark period of time for Africans that live there. The U.S. Civil War and The Great Depression both can be related, in this instance, to how down their people were because of what happened. Chinua Achebe said it best, â€Å"I would be quite satisfied if my novels...did no more than teach my readers of their past...was not a long night of savagery from which the first European acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(qtd. in â€Å"Morning Yet† 45). In theRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1452 Words   |  6 Pagesassume control over the Roman Empire. However, imperialism in Africa remained a recorded element from 1750 to 1945. This paper visits how control and changes were influences over the Africans during this time period as seen through Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart. (UKEssays, 2015) Europe was experiencing a few financial and political changes that forced the major European forces to investigate abroad regions to add to their resources during the seventeenth century. In order for the EuropeanRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe2361 Words   |  10 PagesThings Fall Apart Book Critique Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a historical fiction novel describing the life of Okonkwo in a Nigerian village succumbing to European ways, in order to portray Achebe’s view on imperialism. It was chosen for us to read by our teacher because it describes imperialism and its effects in an Ibo village of Nigeria. It also shows the treatment of natives by the Europeans and how the natives reacted. Things Fall Apart is useful to our course of studies because itRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1265 Words   |  6 PagesThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is markedly relevant to our current course of studies in World History, as it tells a story based on European Imperialism in Africa. Coming off the heels of our Imperialism unit, this post-colonial novel provides very helpful context on different civilizations’ perspectives throughout the Age of Imperialism; aside from analyzing death tolls, descriptions of conflicts, and names of countries, it was previousl y hard to envision what life was actually like during thatRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe 735 Words   |  3 PagesThings fall apart. Achebe. Ernest Gaines once said, â€Å"I write to try to find out who I am. One of my main themes is manliness. I think Im trying to figure out what manliness really is.† Indeed, every society or culture has its own understanding of an ideal man. Even though these characteristics are different in various parts of the world, the significance of masculinity can never be overestimated. â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe is considered as one of the best examples of a riseRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe692 Words   |  3 Pagesthe way to go. Through commercial trading Islam spread into Igboland, and this led to more Igbo people leaving the Igbo way of life for another, whether it be Islam or Christianity which divide the country in two. In the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe British colonialism and the migration of Muslims to Nigeria led to the change in the faith, social and economic changes in the Igbo society. Traditional Igbo faith believes that there is only one creator or god known as ChinekeRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe897 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe the Igbo tradition revolves around structured gender role. Everything essential of Igbo life is based on their gender, which throughout the novel it shows the role of women and the position they hold, from their role in the family household, also planting women crops, to bearing children. Although the women were claimed to be weaker and seemed to be treated as objects, in the Igbo culture the women still provided qualities that make them worthyRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1851 Words   |  8 Pageschoice and styles are critical not only to the reader’s understanding of the text but to his appreciation as well. How language is effectively manipulated in their writings enhances the reader’s valuing of the works. The selected novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a representation of Igbo culture and their language. It explores the life of an Igbo tribe at the time of when colonization hit Africa. It could be considered as a post-colonial text, as the protagonist of the story and the other

Ph Scale Free Essays

The pH Scale is a scale made to show how acidic or alkaline a substance is. The pH of something is measured with pH paper which can vary from wide range paper, which covers all ph’s, but is not as accurate at some others. There are pH papers that get very specific that can have a range such as 2 or 3 and get much more precise. We will write a custom essay sample on Ph Scale or any similar topic only for you Order Now The neutral on the scale is 7. Anything that is below 7 is considered acidic and anything above 7 is considered alkaline. Acidic substances contain more H+ than OH-. H+ stands for a positively charged hydrogen ion and OH- stands means a negatively charged hydroxide ion. This means something with the pH level of 4 is more acidic than something with the pH level of 9. When an acidic substance is out into another substance the original substance turns more and more acidic. The acids will begin to break down the proteins. The opposite happens with an Alkaline substance. The Alkaline has a negative charge so when placed into a substance it pushes the substance away and then quickly blends in. The proteins do not get broken down, they all mix together and become paler. The reason why pH is important in biology is because the pH of a cells interior helps regulate the cell’s chemical reactions. The cells in the human body need to regulate the chemical reactions in order to grow and to survive. For example, urine has the pH level of 6, which is slightly acidic, and blood has the pH level of about 7. 4 which is slightly alkaline. When the pH of blood changes it is often caused from a failed kidney function. Humans are not the only thing with pH in them however. All living animals have pH inside of them, however our blood pH’s and theirs can vary greatly. Animals such as crabs and clams have a acidic blood pH. Others like dogs have a blood that has a pH level that is alkaline. Conclusion: After observing the effects of an Alkaline and acidic substance on a neutral substance I am able to conclude that the pH level changes. When an Alkaline substance is added to a neutral substance the pH level rises due to the amounts of OH-. Eventually the pH level did even out. When the alkaline substance is added it also causes the substance to loose color. The Acidic substance has quite the opposite effect. When added to the milk the milks pH level dropped and became acidic. The milk became a grayish color and began to chunk up. Eventually the milks pH level did level off and the milk became more like a liquid again. With this being said when an acidic or alkaline substance is added to something, they not only change the pH level, but also they change the appearance. How to cite Ph Scale, Papers

Electronic Commerce on Business Expansion

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Commerce on Business Expansion. Answer: Introduction: The concept of electronic commerce came up with the advancement of computers and the need for fast transaction in business. It means the ways in which selling and buying of goods and services can take place by using the internet (Shaw et al. 2012). Initially this concept of electronic commerce emerged from a totally different aspect. The need for transferring funds from one account to another and from one bank to another gave the banks the idea of EFT. Nowadays, electronic commerce plays a significant role in business. The term came into existence into the business vocabulary since 1970s. The importance of this method has been portrayed throughout this report. In todays world, it is impossible to run a business at the national level without the use of modern information technology and computers ( Bharadwaj et al. 2013). To analyze the importance and impact of e-commerce in the business world this report has taken up Australias famous e-commerce website named Kogan. Then this report tries to find out the way in which e-commerce has been used in Kogans business model. Then it has been tried to show some strategy that can help in implementing electronic medium in the business properly (Gettler 2013). At last the report tries to find out any way, if possible, that may help the company to expand its business outside the purview of Australia and into the global market. Life-cycle stage and its relationship with Kogans business: The typical business model highlights several stages through which any business passes during its course of operation. The stages are known as life cycle stage (Yakuel 2015). The life cycle stage includes a detailed analysis of the companys growth right from the time of planning, incorporation, the initial stages of growth of the websites the stages of expansion and also the last stage where the company sees a decline in their business either due to other competitors or due to the employees leaving the company (Xue, Niu and Yu 2015). In this report the three important stages of life cycle of website namely the stage of exposure, stages of interaction and the stages of e-commerce has been described thoroughly with respect to the chosen e-commerce site Kogan. Exposure Stage: The way in which any company highlights their business at the initial start up level is known as exposure in their business. Electronic medium has been the fastest and cheapest way through which a company may efficiently brand its products in the market. The cost of advertisement in traditional method is comparatively higher than the cost of electronic advertisement. The cost of publishing an advertisement in a news paper is higher whereas the advertisement reaches out only to those people reading that particular daily (Decker and Erasmo 2016). On other hand if advertisement is done through electronic channels it will reach out to more people as in todays world all the people are regularly engaged in some work over the internet. Our chosen e-commerce website Kogan was first launched in the year 2006 by Ruslan Kogan. The company sells it products directly to the consumers without any intermediaries and is now the leading online store of Australia. At present within a span of only 10 years since its launch the company has been able to cater and deliver for more than 3,000,000 products to their consumers. It has been exposed in the market since its inception and hence the company has already crossed its exposure stage in e-commerce (Wittmann and Reuter 2013). Interaction Stage: The stage in business where the people or consumer gets directly involved in interaction with the company is interaction stage. Under this stage the website is not used for direct trading purpose but for communication purpose. A two-way communication is established in this stage between the consumer and buyer. People can know about the service of the company in details through the companys website (Li and Karahanna 2015). Kogan has succeeded in this stage of business. Through their website people gets well-informed about the various service that the company provides. A glance into their website is enough for people to understand that the company is a retail seller of almost every product that a consumer may need. The home page itself makes people aware of the different deals that are available for them. The page titled as Contact Us gives the consumer a scope to post any queries and have a direct interaction with the company. After this interaction the company tries to expand their business via e-commerce. Stages of E-commerce: E-commerce is the final stage in business where the actual transaction between the buyer and the seller takes place. Under this stage, the consumer reaches out to the seller by using the internet. They place their demands online through the companys website and gets their product delivered at home. On the other hand, there is the stage of E-business where the internet has been used to re-design and integrate the business. The two stages, namely E-Commerce and E-Business are often overlapped and considered to be a single stage in the business market (Mohapatra 2013). Australias renowned e-commerce company Kogan has been successfully trading in the market for nearly 10 years. They have been able to use the internet efficiently in launching their products and highlighting them in their websites. They have divided their home page into several sections out of which the section named Shop by Department helps people to find out their suitable products according to their department like groceries, electronic gadgets, dresses to be named as few. From this section people chose their needed products and it gets delivered at their doorstep. People can pay the company during the delivery time or beforehand by using their cards. In a way the varied method of payment has helped the people to purchase more goods even if they do not have liquid money at home. E-Commerce Strategy and evaluation of Kogans e-commerce: The sole purpose of e-commerce is to trade in goods and services by a company. According to Australian Business data, in the year 2015 the retail sales of Australia exceeded $50 billion. It has been seen that e-commerce in Australia specially the mobile commerce has been growing in leaps and bounds by almost 40% per annum. There are several strategies that a company must take in order to be successfully running their business via online portal. Few such e-commerce strategies have been discussed here and the well-known retail store Kogans e-commerce has been analyzed on that basis. The few steps to e-commerce business plan are: Mission: Through this process the company initially tries to set a goal for its business. It tries to understand the values that the customer may give to the business (Persson, Fridolfsson and Holst 2016). Strategy: The strategy part tries to organize the ways in which the company is going to move in the path of doing the business. Technology: The various technologies that the company plans to use to provide service to the people is seen through this stage. The company can use e-mails, sms, online portals and even mobile apps to reach out to customers of different age groups. Stakeholder: Stakeholders are the partners of the company who helps them to move ahead in the business. They should be identified properly for being successful in business. Engagement: This part of the strategy helps the company to modernize their service according to the need of the customer. Reviews are taken from the customer after they have been served with different goods of their choice (Cavusgil et al. 2014). There are few more steps that any company irrespective of their engagement in e-commerce and in general commerce should prioritize and implement as a part of their business plans. These are: Aims and proper business model, a clear concept of the objectives of the business, a business model to meet the objectives, marketing, management of the business and gathering contents, ease access to different technologies and platforms and maintenance of the business and planning for future improvement. Also there is a need of integrating the market under one-roof so that people do not need to visit other website for consuming some other stuff (Decker and Erasmo 2016). Along with these few other things that falls under the implementing strategies are maintaining a proper inventory and stock of products so that people never face delays in receiving their orders. They should be allowed to pay their bills in different modes so that they never face any hindrance in buying products and also they sho uld be treated properly after the purchase takes place as well. Maintaining a proper return policy and a secured payment gateway is absolutely mandatory for e-commerce. On the basis of the criteria, Kogans business model has been tried to understand. According to Ruslan Kogan, the CEO founder of the company stated that in order to sustain in the market there is only one law and that is to remain ahead of the competitors in the market. The mission of the business is to serve the entire Australian with their products and to expand themselves in the global market (kogan.com/au/contact-us/ 2016). They have successfully used the e-commerce networks to expand their business. Their strategy is to deliver timely service to customers and keep them happy. In doing so they required a proper inventory. Nowadays, they are improving their service by using algorithmic techniques and techniques through which the whole transaction can be made automating. According to Tess Bennett, people are now more reluctant to spend their weekends with family members rather than visiting the stores by themselves. Yet on other hand they expect fast delivery service of their produc ts and Kogan has been successful in this regard (Bennett 2016). Also the company has been maintaining a large stock of inventory and offering people the products at lowest price in the market. This has only been possible as the company caters to customers by directly taking the products from their respective companies and selling it to the customers without any intermediaries acting in between. Hence it can be said that the company has been very clear and thorough in implementing their e-commerce strategy in the market and thereby has been able to become the largest online retail store in Australia (Verbeke 2013). Shift from National E-commerce to International E-commerce: Kogan which was launched in 2006 expanded and became the king in Australian retail market stores. They are now selling their products at global market as well. Along with the Australian continent, they has spread their business in the territory of the U.S and New Zealand. Operating in indigenous market and in foreign market requires a shift in business strategy (Fernie and Sparks 2014). The steps that the company took for expansion and should also take in future whenever they plan to expand their business are as follows: The first and foremost thing that they require is to have a detailed survey of the market where they plan to operate. The demand generated in that market in the last few years can be helpful for understanding and predicting the future demands of that market (Boone and Kurtz 2013). Then the company should also try to find a suitable place where it can open up its inventory. Operating the business without proper inventory within the domestic periphery of the foreign country can lead to delay of services. Hence, keeping a proper stock of inventory can ensure that the company never becomes defaulter in serving at the right time. The next yet one of the most important step that Kogan must take before expanding its business in foreign country is to get a detailed review of all the existing e-commerce in that market that serves the same purpose as Kogan aims to do (kogan.com/au 2016). This helps the company in understanding the hindrance that it may face from its competitors who are already operating and well aware of the existing market. The laws and regulation of the country where the company plans to establish its company should be under the grasp of the company in order to avoid any legal issues. Finally it is important for the company to create an website keeping in mind the cultures of the foreign country so that any comment, picture or products published on the website does not hurt the sentiments of the people of that country. Conclusion: The report can be summed up by recalling few issues that has been found in the Kogans business model. The company has been quite successful in their business in the past decade and the success has been due to proper implementation of the business strategy within the company. As the company has been engaged in online trading the company has always upgraded its website as per customers demand. The company has passed its exposure stage long back and is now well-known in the market. It is now in its interaction and ecommerce stage. It has been developing well with a good established communication with the potential customers and is now trying to capture international market. As per the data it has already been seen that Australia has faced an increase in mobile commerce at an annual rate of more than 40%. Kogan being an Australian company and one of the top online service providers is responsible for a large part of this growth. The company has already put forward its first step in expan ding its business outside the Australian territory. By following few simple steps and changes in their basic business models they are sure to succeed in global market as well. References: Bennett, T. (2016). Kogan.com investing in algorithms, not stores - Internet Retailing. [online] Internet Retailing. Available at: https://internetretailing.com.au/kogan-investing-algorithms-not-stores/ [Accessed 27 Dec. 2016]. Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O.A., Pavlou, P.A. and Venkatraman, N.V., 2013. Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights.Mis Quarterly,37(2), pp.471-482. Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013.Contemporary marketing. Cengage learning. Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014.International business. Pearson Australia. Decker, R.A. and D'Erasmo, P.N., 2016. Market exposure and endogenous firm volatility over the business cycle.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,8(1), pp.148-198. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Gettler, L., 2013. Stop selling and start buying the customer.Management Today, (May 2013), p.18. Li, S.S. and Karahanna, E., 2015. Online recommendation systems in a B2C e-commerce context: A review and future directions.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,16(2), p.72. Mohapatra, S., 2013. E-commerce Strategy. InE-Commerce Strategy(pp. 155-171). Springer US. Persson, S., Fridolfsson, H. and Holst, A., 2016. Strategy within E-commerce: The formation process. Shaw, M., Blanning, R., Strader, T. and Whinston, A. eds., 2012.Handbook on electronic commerce. Springer Science Business Media. Strauss, J., 2016.E-marketing. Routledge. Wittmann, R. and Reuter, M., 2013.Strategic planning: How to deliver maximum value through effective business strategy. Kogan Page Publishers. www.kogan.com. (2016). | Australia's Premier Shopping Destination. [online] Kogan Australia. Available at: https://www.kogan.com/au/ [Accessed 27 Dec. 2016]. Xue, J., Niu, Y. and Yu, W., 2015, July. Research on E-commerce Communication Model and driven strategies. InLogistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 2015 International Conference on(pp. 1-5). IEEE. Yakuel, P. (2015). The 5 Lifecycle Stages of an Online Shopper - Multichannel Merchant. [online] Multichannel Merchant. Available at: https://multichannelmerchant.com/marketing/5-lifecycle-stages-online-shopper-27072015/ [Accessed 27 Dec. 2016].

Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day

Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Situation Analysis February 17, 2015 was the World Pancake Day, and thus a number of organizations took the day to advertise their brands. However, Samsung carried the day. The campaign aimed at familiarizing its customers with different brands because hostility on any product could be converted into sympathy. The self-doubters would accept the company and its products. Social media has massive following, and thus millions of potential clients would be reached via this advertisement. Objectives The Samsung’s campaign aimed at achieving three main objectives that can be evaluated using the SMART approach. Objective 1: make everyone be involved with your brand in a unique way Make popular celebrities associate with your products together with your Twitter followers. This way , with your potential customers identifying with their popular celebrities, they would also identify with your products. It also unifies everyone involved from stakeholder to customers and the employees, as there is power in unity. Objective 2: Increase sales With every commercial campaign, there is always the need to increase the number of sales, and this assertion was true in this case. The huge number of potential customers that would be reached via this platform means that a certain percentage would end up choosing Samsung as a brand. In turn, this aspect would improve the company’s market share as more customers start purchasing its products. The company has a set period of operating the business campaign of one day and it cannot be decided whether the objectives serve the short-term or the long-term objectives. Objective 3: To reach social media fans and especially Twitter This aspect could have been approached from a total percentage expected, as it will present a more realistic case scenario. Strategy The campaign was more of creating a buzz in the social media that would have everyone talking about and participating in large numbers. Social media has become one of the most powerful marketing tools due to the ever-increasing audience. Currently, the total number of social media users is close to 2 billion people, with Twitter having a market share of 288 million users. Therefore, this strategy would reach many potential clients at minimal marketing budget. The following strategy outlines how it was done: The company was able to make Pancake portraits of popular celebrities on Twitter. The fans were asked to send their pictures, which were then made into pancake forms and later retweeted for everyone to see. Winners were selected after which their pictures were recreated using the pancakes before being posted via Twitter for the world to see. In addition, the company decided to extend the releasing of pictures of some of the most famous peo ple across the world after they had appeared on a certain TV show that day. This aspect captured the attention of the fans as they identified with celebrities, which is good for business. The campaign strategy was a success as it received numerous appraisals from many celebrities and fans for the company’s different products. It captured the theme of the day and made the best out of it. The campaign captured all the Four DRIP elements, viz.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Differentiates – involving the public in the marketing procedures was a success. This approach stands out of the rest because in most cases, some selected individuals are involved in the marketing program. However, in this case, the public was allowed to participate. Reassures – the campaign approach targeted both potential customers and their customers with the aid of Twitter. All parties enjoyed the fun created by the pancake pictures and video portraits. Informs – the company used Twitter to inform the public of its ongoing project and brands. By creating a captivating campaign that attracted and reached millions of people, Samsung stood a good chance of letting the world know of its products. Persuades- it was in a position to tune the pubic into some amicable fun while at the same time marketing products. The most important customers who have the power to buy their products were reached through the fun induced by the pancake portraits, thus improving sales. All customers available on Twitter were able to receive the message. The timing was also on target, as many people tend to be online during holidays and special days to access discounts and other giveaways. Tactics Employed Media – the company was able to use social media, and particularly Twitter, to market its product. This aspect put it ahead of competition and engaged many public c onsumers. This strategy was also cost effective. Electronic – By using Twitter and Television, the company was able to reach the global market in a single day. The campaign was a success and it was made possible by the company engaging all the involved parties. It all started with producing picture portraits, which created fun then the marketing of products came naturally. The use of social media was ideal for the task on top of being cost effective. What could have made the campaign even better? The idea of using Twitter to pass the message was ingenious, but it would have been more success if the company used all social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram among others because not all people are on Twitter. Sometimes, individuals tend to use only one social medium, and thus using all the social mediums to do the campaigns would be successful, as it would have reached more customers. The company should also have run the campaign for a little longer as opposed to o ne-day event. Campaigning on special days makes some customers to start judging the brand’s credibility. Overall, the company did a good job. Many people received the campaign positively. In addition, the campaign became more interesting when it received several endorsements from celebrities. Almost everyone that saw the campaign was satisfied and left a positive feedback that the company can derive satisfaction. Conclusion The campaign was undoubtedly a success and it brought forth unique creativity and innovation that captured the eyes of the public across the world. The public was engaged in a one-day fun that involved posting commentary via Twitter. In addition, the public was amused not only to see their celebrities in the pancake portraits, but also themselves being tweeted. Credited must be given to the Samsung Company for the perfect campaign. The use of social media also ensured that they reached out to a number of youthful customers who are the ideal candidates for their products. The only shortcoming is that the company chose to use Twitter only instead of using all the available social media platforms.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Appendix Campaign source: https://www.prexamples.com/2015/02/pancake-portraits-as-samsung-celebrate-pancake-day/ This report on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day was written and submitted by user Cailyn Cruz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Chili Peppers - An American Domestication Story

Chili Peppers - An American Domestication Story Chili pepper (Capsicum spp. L., and sometimes spelled chile or chilli) is a plant which was domesticated in the Americas at least 6,000 years ago. Its spicy goodness spread into cuisines throughout the world only after Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean and took it back with him to Europe. Peppers are widely considered the first spice to have been used by humans, and today there are at least 25 separate species in the family of American chili peppers and over 35 in the world. Domestication Events At least two, and perhaps as many as five separate domestication events are thought to have occurred. The most common type of chili today, and likely the earliest domesticated, is Capsicum annuum (the chili pepper), domesticated in Mexico or northern Central America at least 6,000 years ago from the wild bird pepper (C. annuum v. glabriusculum). Its prominence around the world is likely because it was the one that was introduced into Europe in the 16th century AD. The other forms which may have been independently created are C. chinense (yellow lantern chili, believed to have been domesticated in northern lowland Amazonia), C. pubescens (the tree pepper, in the mid-elevation southern Andes mountains) and C. baccatum (amarillo chili, lowland Bolivia). C. frutescens (piri piri or tabasco chili, from the Caribbean) may be a fifth, although some scholars suggest it is a variety of C. chinense. The Earliest Evidence of Domestication There are older archaeological sites which include domesticated chili pepper seeds, such as Guitarrero Cave in Peru and Ocampo Caves in Mexico, ranging in age from 7,000-9,000 years ago. But their stratigraphic contexts are somewhat unclear, and most scholars prefer to use the more conservative date of 6,000 or 6,100 years ago. A comprehensive examination of the genetic (similarities among the DNA from different types of chilies), paleo-biolinguistic (similar words for chili used in various indigenous languages), ecological (where modern chile plants are found) and archaeological evidence for chile pepper was reported in 2014. Kraft et al. argue that all four lines of evidence suggest that chili pepper was first domesticated in central-east Mexico, near Coxcatln Cave and the Ocampo Caves. Chili Peppers North of Mexico Despite chilis prevalence in southwestern American cuisines, the evidence for early use there is late and very limited. The earliest evidence of chili peppers in the American southwest/northwest Mexico has been identified in Chihuahua state near the site of Casas Grandes, ca AD 1150-1300. A single chili pepper seed was found at Site 315, a medium-sized adobe pueblo ruin in the Rio Casas Grandes Valley about two miles from Casas Grandes. In the same contexta trash pit directly underneath a room floorwas found maize (Zea mays), cultivated beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum), prickly pear (Opuntia), goosefoot seeds (Chenopodium), uncultivated Amaranth (Amaranthus) and a possible squash (Cucurbita) rind. Radiocarbon dates on the trash pit are 760 /- 55 years before the present, or approximately AD 1160-1305. Cuisine Effects When introduced into Europe by Columbus, the chili launched a mini-revolution in cuisine; and when those chili-loving Spanish returned and moved into the Southwest, they brought the spicy domesticate with them. Chilies, a large part of central American cuisines for thousands of years, became most common north of Mexico in places where the Spanish colonial courts were most powerful. Unlike the other central American domesticated crops of maize, beans, and squash, chili peppers did not become part of southwestern US/northwestern Mexican cuisine until after Spanish contact. Researchers Minnis and Whalen suggest that the spicy chili pepper may not have fit into local culinary preferences until a large influx of colonists from Mexico and (most importantly) a Spanish colonial government affected local appetites. Even then, chilies were not universally adopted by all southwestern people. Identifying Chili Archaeologically Fruits, seeds and pollen of capsicum have been found in deposits at archaeological sites in the Tehuacan Valley of Mexico beginning about 6000 years ago; at  Huaca Prieta  in the Andean foothills of Peru by ca. 4000 years ago, at  Ceren, El Salvador by 1400 years ago; and in La Tigra, Venezuela by 1000 years ago. Recently, the study of  starch grains, which do preserve well and are identifiable to species, has allowed scientists to peg the domestication of chili peppers to at least 6,100 years ago, in southwestern Ecuador at the sites of Loma Alta and Loma Real. As reported in  Science  in 2007, the earliest discovery of chili pepper starches is from the surfaces of  milling stones  and in cooking vessels as well as in sediment samples, and in conjunction with microfossil evidence of arrowroot, maize, leren, manioc, squash, beans and palms. Sources Brown CH, Clement CR, Epps P, Luedeling E, and Wichmann S. 2013.  The Paleobiolinguistics of Domesticated Chili Pepper (Capsicum   spp.).  Ethnobiology Letters  4:1-11.Clement C, De Cristo-Araà ºjo M, D’Eeckenbrugge GC, Alves Pereira A, and Picanà §o-Rodrigues D. 2010.  Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops.  Diversity  2(1):72-106.Duncan NA, Pearsall DM, and Benfer J, Robert A. 2009.  Gourd and squash artifacts yield starch grains of feasting foods from preceramic Peru.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  106(32):13202-13206.Eshbaugh W. 1993. Peppers: History and Exploitation of a Serendipitous New Crop Discovery. pages 132-139. In: J. Janick and J.E. Simon (eds.),  New Crops  Wiley, New York.Hill TA, Ashrafi H, Reyes-Chin-Wo S, Yao J, Stoffel K, Truco M-J, Kozik A, Michelmore RW, and Van Deynze A. 2013.  Characterization of Capsicum annum Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Based on Parallel Polymorphism Discovery with a 30K Unigene Pepper GeneChip.  PLoS ONE  8(2):e56200. Kraft KH, Luna Ruiz JdJ, and Gepts P. 2013. A new collection of wild populations of Capsicum in Mexico and the southern United States.  Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution  60(1):225-232. doi:10.1007/s10722-012-9827-5Kraft KH, Brown CH, Nabhan GP, Luedeling E, Luna Ruiz JdJ, dEeckenbrugge GC, Hijmans RJ, and Gepts P. 2014.  Multiple lines of evidence for the origin of domesticated chili pepper, Capsicum annuum, in Mexico.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  Early Edition. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1308933111Minnis PE, and Whalen ME. 2010.  The first prehispanic chile (Capsicum) from the U.S. southwest/northwest Mexico and its changing use.  American Antiquity  75(2):245-258.Ortiz R, Delgado de la Flor F, Alvarado G, and Crossa J. 2010. Classifying vegetable genetic resources- A case study with domesticated Capsicum spp.  Scientia Horticulturae  126(2):186-191. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2010.07.007Perry L, Dickau R, Zarrillo S, Holst I, Pearsall DM, Piperno DR, Berman MJ, Cooke RG, Rademaker K, Ranere AJ et al. 2007.  Starch Fossils and the Domestication and Dispersal of Chili Peppers (Capsicum spp. L.) in the Americas.  Science  315:986-988. Pickersgill B. 1969.  The archaeological record of chili peppers (Capsicum spp.)and the sequence of plant domestication in Peru.  American Antiquity  34:54-61.

Treaty of Portsmouth

Treaty of Portsmouth The Treaty of Portsmouth was a peace agreement signed on September 5, 1905, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, United States, which officially ended the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 – 1905. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in brokering the pact. Fast Facts: Treaty of Portsmouth The Treaty of Portsmouth was a peace agreement between Russia and Japan, brokered by the United States. It put an end to the Russo-Japanese War, fought from February 8, 1904 to September 5, 1905, when the treaty was signed.Negotiations focused on three key issues: access to Manchurian and Korean ports, control of Sakhalin Island, and payment of the financial costs of the war.The Treaty of Portsmouth led to nearly 30 years of peace between Japan and Russia, and earned President Roosevelt the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906. The Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War of 1904 – 1905 was fought between the Empire of Russia, a modernized world military power, and the Empire of Japan, a largely agrarian nation just starting to develop its industrial sector. Since the end of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, both Russia and Japan had clashed over their competing imperialistic ambitions in areas of Manchuria and Korea. By 1904, Russia controlled Port Arthur, a strategically important warm water seaport on the southern tip of Manchuria’s Liaodong Peninsula. After Russia helped put down an attempted Japanese coup in adjacent Korea, war between the two nations seemed inevitable. On February 8, 1904, the Japanese attacked the Russian fleet harbored at Port Arthur before sending a declaration of war to Moscow. The surprise nature of the attack helped Japan gain an early victory. Over the next year, Japanese forces won important victories in Korea and the Sea of Japan. However, casualties were high on both sides. In the bloody Battle of Mukden alone, some 60,000 Russian and 41,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. By 1905, the human and financial costs of war led both countries to seek peace. Terms of the Treaty of Portsmouth Japan asked U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt to act as the intermediary to negotiating a peace agreement with Russia. Hoping to maintain an equal balance of power and economic opportunity in the region, Roosevelt desired a pact that would allow both Japan and Russia to maintain their influence in East Asia. Though he had publicly supported Japan at the start of the war, Roosevelt feared that America’s interests in the region could suffer if Russia was driven out completely. Russian and Japanese diplomats seated at the negotiating table during the Portsmouth Peace Conference. Buyenlarge / Getty Images Negotiations focused on three key issues: access to Manchurian and Korean ports, control of Sakhalin Island, and payment of the financial costs of the war. Japan’s priorities were: the division of control in Korea and South Manchuria, the sharing of war costs, and control of Sakhalin. Russia demanded continued control of Sakhalin Island, flatly refused to reimburse Japan for its war costs, and sought to maintain its Pacific fleet. Payment of war costs turned out to be the most difficult negotiation point. In fact, the war had so badly depleted Russia’s finances, it would have probably been unable to pay any war costs even if required to do so by the treaty. Delegates agreed to declare an immediate cease-fire. Russia recognized Japan’s claim to Korea and agreed to withdraw its forces from Manchuria. Russia also agreed to return its lease of Port Arthur in southern Manchuria to China and give up its railroad and mining concessions in southern Manchuria to Japan. Russia retained control of the Chinese Eastern Railway in northern Manchuria. When negotiations stalled over control of Sakhalin and payment of war debts, President Roosevelt suggested that Russia â€Å"buy back† the northern half of Sakhalin from Japan. Russia flatly refused to pay money its people might see as an indemnity for territory their soldiers had paid for with their lives. After a lengthy debate, Japan agreed to drop all of its claims for reparations in return for the southern half of Sakhalin Island. Historical Significance The Treaty of Portsmouth led to nearly 30 years of peace between Japan and Russia. Japan emerged as the main power in East Asia, as Russia was forced to drop its imperialistic aspirations in the region. However, the agreement did not sit well with the people of either country. Postcard shows the building at the Portsmouth Navy Yard where the peace talks were held, the Hotel Wentworth, and flags of Japan and Russia, all superimposed on an American flag. Buyenlarge / Getty Images The Japanese people considered themselves the victors and saw the refusal of war reparations as an act of disrespect. Protests and riots broke out in Tokyo when the terms were announced. At the same time, being forced to give up half of Sakhalin Island angered the Russian people. However, neither the average Japanese nor Russian citizen was aware of how badly the war had damaged the economies of their respective countries. During the war and the peace talks, the American people generally felt Japan was fighting a â€Å"just war† against Russian aggression in East Asia. Viewing Japan as being fully committed to the U.S. Open Door policy of preserving the territorial integrity of China, Americans were anxious to support it. However, the negative, sometimes anti-American reaction to the treaty in Japan surprised and angered many Americans. Indeed, the Treaty of Portsmouth marked the last meaningful period of U.S.-Japanese cooperation until the post-World War II reconstruction of Japan in 1945. At the same time, however, relations between Japan and Russia warmed as a result of the treaty. While he never actually attended the peace talks, and the actual extent of his influence on leaders in Tokyo and Moscow remained unclear, President Roosevelt was widely praised for his efforts. In 1906, he became the first of three sitting U.S. presidents to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Sources and Further Reference â€Å"The Treaty of Portsmouth and the Russo-Japanese War, 1904–1905.† U.S. Department of State. Office of the Historian Kowner, Rotem. â€Å"Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War.† The Scarecrow Press, Inc. (2006). â€Å"Text of Treaty; Signed by the Emperor of Japan and Czar of Russia.† The New York Times. October 17, 1905. â€Å"Partial record of Privy Council meeting to ratify the treaty.† National Archives of Japan. Figes, Orlando. â€Å"From Tsar to U.S.S.R.: Russias Chaotic Year of Revolution.† National Geographic.

Evaluation of Reader-Based Writing within a company Essay

Evaluation of Reader-Based Writing within a company - Essay Example higher profit margins through an increase in sales volume. While goods are sold at cost to the customer, there are no apparent losses incurred by these stores. It has a Marketing Business Unit (MBU) located in Virginia to mange all military commissary stores throughout the world.   The MBU spearheads a marketing strategy that is identical to what is adopted by all major food retail chains – â€Å"the customer has many a store to step in while the store has one step to welcome all customers†. Organizational marketing literature is essentially the bye-product of a strategic faith in corporate culture that is unique to each organization. DeCA has adopted a marketing strategy that seeks to drive out competition with a `sledgehammer tactic in which contracted suppliers are straight jacketed into a procurement network that spans the entire globe. Backed by an administrative team of heavyweights in the industry, the writing within the organization for its own internal communication has been the subject of discussion among organizational communication strategists who have been intrigued at the often cyclostyled memorandum being replaced with a more objective content centric approach. As for its external communication strategy, it is determined by the type of competition that civilian retail chains present. There cannot be any doubt about its own mission statement â€Å"Deliver a premier commissary benefit to the armed services community that encourages an exciting shopping experience and satisfies patron demand for quality grocery and household products and delivers exceptional savings while enhancing quality of lifeâ⠂¬ , (DeCA website) because it implies â€Å"customer focused selling†, the self-same approach adopted by big retail chains throughout the world. DeCA has been managed more like a military establishment where the customer is subject to a process of

Why did Byzantine culture favour cult images of supernatural origin Essay

Why did Byzantine culture favour cult images of supernatural origin - Essay Example ons that are taken as indisputable truth, indestructible under influence of any circumstances, so-called postulates – definitions, which are taken into account without a logical explanation. Nowadays, people worship God and his Image on the icons. It is believed that the icon is the conductor of the Holy Spirit to Earth. People usually explain icon`s miracles with their supernatural origin. It was believed their appearance and mistique was sanctioned by heaven1. In Byzantium two main branches of mysticism were distributed as well as in relation with iconography. One of them was represented in a contemplative way, being philosophically speculative and characterized by reflection -the desire to reach the deity by systematic abstract logical thinking activity. For this type of mystics it seemed particularly important to create a classification of the states and actions, to chart the bad thoughts, to dismember the steps, which make one closer to the deity. In the other direction o f mystics, which kept on morality and practice, logical thought was obscured with tactile-specific representation on the subject of the approximation of the human with the God: the mystic is trying to develop himself to a stage when he would be able to see the divine`s light, to hear the God`s voice. However, in fact in both cases, the act of salvation is not so much a result of the actions of the clergy, but as an individual feat, accessible to everyone and the holy image  mosaics decorating the church`s walls were the beginning of the Byzantine visual art. What was it said for? Thanks to miracles associated with icons - "through the interaction of social concepts - such as envy, limited goof and the source of illness"2, people began to treat them with trembling. Vestiges of antiquity - demons, angels and divinities - significantly influenced the perception of the world of further generations3. It should be noted, that before the era of iconoclasm, Byzantium was known â€Å"for its relics,

Infant mortality Essay Example for Free

Infant mortality Essay Infant mortality simply refers to the number of death amongst the young ones per 1000 births. In this historical study, infant mortality rate between a range of time starting from 1750 to 1917 is studied. Its rate varies from one century to another with the 18th century recording the highest number of deaths among the young. Progressing towards the 20th century, there has been a drastic decline in the death rate of infants. Some medical professionals believe that this is because of the social health reform and medical improvement during the 19th and 20 centuries. On the other hand, some scholars, like Thomas McKeown, strongly suggest that this is mainly attributed to the improved nutrition and sanitation of the infant’s environment (McKeown, 121). Thomas McKeown is the scholar who spearheaded the well known McKeown Thesis. There has been an ongoing debate between the two ideas about which played the main significant role in checking the rampant death of the infants for several decades featured in countless student reading, so who actually saw the truth between the 19 and the 20th centuries? Infant mortality reduced over the centuries starting in the late 19th and early 20th century in the United States. The highest rate of death among the infants was observed in the first half of the 18th century (McKeown, 65) , this high rate of infant mortality was viewed as caused by societal break-down and poor policies rather that specific pathological organism. This was considered as a reflection of a poor frame work in the society. Between 1750 and 1800, the infant mortality rate was at the peak with many of the infants succumbing to their diseases. At the time, the technical aspects in undertaking comprehensive investigation to establish the actual cause of the diseases and finally finding the cure had not been successful. Many infants therefore died in large numbers. The community attributed all this to the broad and unfortunate societal problems. Many major countries had areas with indecent housing, flooded basements, contaminated water supplies and poverty, resulting in diseases such as typhoid, scarlet fever, tuberculosis and typhus to thrive (McVeigh). This in the end challenged them to actually think of ways to handle these problems. What they have come to conclude was that prenatal and postnatal diseases were ultimately influenced by external factors such as food deficiency, alcohol and tobacco use (Mudd, 117). While diseases and disabilities that are determined during conception or after birth are invariably different, both their origins can still be potentially controlled. In the second half of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century, the government of the United States came up with efforts to curb this menace. They recommended the removal of infants in the cities; this was considered a major success since most mothers who were residing in the city end up having their young ones dying at a tender age. Some prenatal diseases, for example was due to exposure to harmful toxins in the environment, thereby affecting the child’s development in the mother’s womb (Mudd, 117-118). This was viewed that the city exposed the young to unhealthy environment hence exposing them to diseases. The congestion in the city was also found to facilitate the spread of contagious diseases among the young. Various forms of pollutants were rampant in the city and therefore the infant could easily contract infections. Many women at the turn of the 18th century were working in gas lit factories and sweatshops, which may affect their pregnancy (McVeigh). The mothers were advised to settle in their rural homes where these hazards were considered to have minimal consequences on the infants. It was fortunate that legislations were finally passed during 1848 to promote genuine concern for public health (McKeown, 66). Similarly, international city in Great Britain during the era, as well as an important location throughout Europe and the rest of the world in terms of international trade and human transit. Because of so many international produce, goods and people arriving in London daily, it became clear to medical professionals that foreign bodies can often be the bearers of disease; from London, such illnesses were doomed to spread throughout the rest of the country. In helping London’s citizens stay healthy, infant mortality rates were automatically dropped simultaneously. By exploring London’s newspaper archives, as well as other contemporary newspaper articles and even the correspondence of health care workers during the era, the information concerning infant mortality rates can be gathered and compared. In contrast, some scholars, such as Thomas McKeown, strongly suggest that this is mainly attributed to the improved nutrition and sanitation (Colgrove). The milk supply was improved among the young one, because the milk handling and supply of edible products was improved by the government. This government strategy has been significant in preserving the life of infants at the time. Child hygiene was another factor considered in checking the high rate of infant mortality. A child hygiene program was established by the government to ensure the infants were provided with the highest quality of hygiene . With the advancement on the technological innovations, infant mortality reduced in significant proportions over the centuries. The discovery of the various medical equipments and apparatus including the microscope and the stethoscope in the late 19th century boosted the medical field’s capabilities to handle these challenges (McVeigh). Simultaneous to this, great strides in the improvement of education of interns started happening in Europe. The scientist who specialized in medical microbiology studied deeper and discovered very many minute microbes which were found to cause high rate of infant mortality. These microbes were found to thrive on unhygienic conditions therefore causing high rate of infant mortality. They were found to be rampant especially in poorly handled milk and other foodstuff. With these discoveries of stethoscope and the microscope in the 20th century, many diseases were kept under control. This was because scientists had become knowledgeable about health matters. Before this tremendous discovery, many minute microorganisms causing several diseases amongst the young ones were at large and scientists were puzzled with unchecked high rate of infant mortality. The electron microscope with high magnification enabled these scientists to recognize the various disease causing organisms including viruses and bacteria. They managed to know the specific diseases that these microorganisms caused and the appropriate control measures needed to keep them at bay. They came up with antibiotics to cure infection in the infants. Antibiotics such as penicillin were also discovered in the early 20th century. At this time, due to these discoveries and appropriate measures taken by the government, the infant mortality drastically reduced. Medical attention to the infants was considered a priority and hence reducing the rate of infant’s death. Another important factor in curbing infant mortality is the development of obstetrics and the rise of gynecology in that time (McVeigh). It encompassed all aspects of pregnancy, and allowed sanitary and safe conditions for the mother and child. Arguably, poor sanitary conditions during childbirth are also one of the main causes of infant mortality in earlier centuries. McKeown’s views on public health sparked controversy during the 1970’s and 1980’s with its focus on allocation of medical resources. While the foundation of his empirical views might be considered flawed today, it spearheaded studies of where should public health practitioners should focus their efforts and the most important determinants of a society’s mortality (Colgrove). The thesis he authored was about the explanation of the dramatic population growth from around 1770 to the present (Szreter). It stated that it was because of the domino effect of improved economic conditions: better standards of living and enhanced nutritional status that strengthened infant resistance to most diseases. His works have been about the synthesis of these advanced ideas and later on his works began getting much attention because of its profound content (Szreter). It was curious to note that it attracted more audiences during its later years, even though it didn’t substantially contain any new information. It was probably the stronger awareness in public health that caused this. However, McKeown will always be considered a figure of importance because of his role in shaping contemporary systems to prevent infant mortality. Other factors that can be attributed to a precipitous decline in infant mortality rate starting from the late 19th and early 20th century include the improvement in economic growth, improvement in nutrition, new sanitary measures by the government and advances in knowledge about infant care in the united states of America (Colgrove). Though little is known about how each of this factors contributed in the reduction in the infant mortality rate, a systematic review of the data from the specific period stressed that providing clean milk in market was the main contributor to this decline in the infant mortality . However, the writer of this journal was biased in the sense that handling milk supply and milk hygiene was not the only cause of infant mortality. It‘s important to note that the both technological advancement and improved nutrition played a very crucial role in checking the infant mortality rate starting from the late 18th to early 20th century. The perception that the high rate of infant mortality was due to societal problems and poor policies could not help in reversing the trend in the first half of the 18th century. Technological advancement saw the discovery of the various medical apparatus and equipments in the 20th century which helped in the reduction of high infant mortality rate. The scientists discovered the actual causes of these deaths being pathological organism which could be controlled. The economic growth and education enabled this scientist to conduct further research and hence control measures were devised which came up with cure for various diseases affecting the infants.

Essay --

Nowadays, the amount of people who want and able to be a teacher has been lesser and lesser from time to time. It is because teaching is a very hard and stressful job and it has been considered as the one of the top five hard jobs in the world (Lewis 2014). Work stress is the stress occurred at work, is the ‘natural’ limit of human endurance and ability to recover, is the product of the unsustainable pressures and requires placed on the worker by late capitalism (Wainwright & Calnan 2002). The occupational stress is associated with reduced productivity, impaired employee, worker turnover, well-being and absenteeism (McCormick 1995). The signs of stress of a teacher can be in physical, psychological and behavioral form (Wainwright & Calnan 2002). For example, the symptoms are block out new information, involve themselves only superficially, display in appropriate humor and some more else. These signs of stress may cause by the work conditions, workload, job insecurity and relationships at work (Edworthy 2000). There are three simple methods for teachers to handle their stress, such as having a good time management, a healthy lifestyle, and right attitude. Teachers contribute most of their time in teaching, so it is important for teachers to deal with their time smartly (Dean 2013). Teachers will feel stress in their teaching if they are not able to arrange their time well. It is because teachers need to spend most of their time to focus and prepare for their lessons. For example, teachers need to cover the chapters for the next day lessons, and prepare the studies materials at night. Without preparations and knowledge for the next day lesson, teachers may nervous and do not know how to answer the questions asked by students. Moreov... ...as naughty students, lazy students, smart students and some more else. Those students who have bad attitudes may make teachers angry and scold them. So, in this kind of situation, teachers can try to give a chance more to those students and forgive their bad behavior towards teachers. This action may build the trust again between teachers and students, and teachers can have lesser stress from this forgiveness situation compared to the scolding situation. As a conclusion, teachers should learn some tips for helping themselves to cope with their stress at work, and should not bring the stress back home, and share together with their families. They should have the happy moments with their families after their working time. Teachers may also share their happiness with their students in classes. Lastly, teachers are mighty and their contributions should be appreciated. Essay -- Nowadays, the amount of people who want and able to be a teacher has been lesser and lesser from time to time. It is because teaching is a very hard and stressful job and it has been considered as the one of the top five hard jobs in the world (Lewis 2014). Work stress is the stress occurred at work, is the ‘natural’ limit of human endurance and ability to recover, is the product of the unsustainable pressures and requires placed on the worker by late capitalism (Wainwright & Calnan 2002). The occupational stress is associated with reduced productivity, impaired employee, worker turnover, well-being and absenteeism (McCormick 1995). The signs of stress of a teacher can be in physical, psychological and behavioral form (Wainwright & Calnan 2002). For example, the symptoms are block out new information, involve themselves only superficially, display in appropriate humor and some more else. These signs of stress may cause by the work conditions, workload, job insecurity and relationships at work (Edworthy 2000). There are three simple methods for teachers to handle their stress, such as having a good time management, a healthy lifestyle, and right attitude. Teachers contribute most of their time in teaching, so it is important for teachers to deal with their time smartly (Dean 2013). Teachers will feel stress in their teaching if they are not able to arrange their time well. It is because teachers need to spend most of their time to focus and prepare for their lessons. For example, teachers need to cover the chapters for the next day lessons, and prepare the studies materials at night. Without preparations and knowledge for the next day lesson, teachers may nervous and do not know how to answer the questions asked by students. Moreov... ...as naughty students, lazy students, smart students and some more else. Those students who have bad attitudes may make teachers angry and scold them. So, in this kind of situation, teachers can try to give a chance more to those students and forgive their bad behavior towards teachers. This action may build the trust again between teachers and students, and teachers can have lesser stress from this forgiveness situation compared to the scolding situation. As a conclusion, teachers should learn some tips for helping themselves to cope with their stress at work, and should not bring the stress back home, and share together with their families. They should have the happy moments with their families after their working time. Teachers may also share their happiness with their students in classes. Lastly, teachers are mighty and their contributions should be appreciated.

This Kind of Love happens only once in a lifetime

The Bridges of Madison County,† the surprise hit of summer 1995, centers on a particular concept of adulterous romance that is very apropos of the neoconservative epoch. While many contemporary married women indeed may take comfort in the film's message (that one can have a secret love, but then must go back to the normalcy and maturity of married life), its implications are perhaps something less than a comfort as viewers see them as part of a larger theme about gender equality and human liberation.The complexity of the story’s theme requires not just a good director but also good actors, actors who can link or bridge the character’s character to the audience and live through the film’s reality for at least two hours. But before we discuss how Meryl Streep in particular made us connect with the film and empathize with her character, let us first walk around the story of Bridges of Madison County.The story explores the character of Francesca, an Italian wom an who somehow ended up as a farm housewife in Iowa. Like most of us, she dreamt of a more exotic life than ‘shuckin' the corn and ‘sloppin' the ‘hawgs’, but sometimes life just turns out the way it does. Humans follow where life leads them for a while, and before we realize it, decades have passed. This is so true with Francesca.Her path initially was destined, straight and predictable until an unexpected fork in the road causes her to question everything she had come to expect from life. While her husband and children are away at the Iowa state fair in the summer of 1965, Robert Kincaid happens upon the Johnson farm and asks Francesca for directions to Rosamunde Bridge. He explains that he is on assignment from National Geographic magazine to photograph the bridges of Madison County. She agrees to show him to the bridges and thus begins the bittersweet and all-too-brief romance of her life.Through the pain of separation from her secret love and the stark i solation she feels as the details of her life consume her, she writes down the story of this four-day love affair in a 3-volume diary. The diary is found by her children among her possessions and alongside Robert Kincaid's possessions after Francesca is dead. The message they take from the diaries is one of hope that they will do what is necessary to find happiness in their lives — whatever is necessary. After learning that Robert Kincaid's cremated remains were scattered off Rosamunde Bridge and that their mother requested a similar disposition for her own ashes, the children must decide whether to honor their mother's final wishes or bury her alongside their father as the family had planned. Adapted from the novel by Robert Waller, this is the story of love that happens just once in a lifetime — if you're lucky.The central theme is that there are deep universal feelings inside of all of us which we train ourselves to ignore in the execution of everyday life. Inside e very adult is an idealistic youth who planned a completely different life. But our dreams never go away, requiring only the right stimulus to reappear.As Waller implied in his novel, sometimes the old dreams are the best dreams. They're gone now, but it leaves a trace bound to last forever The parallel is drawn quite interestingly when Kinkaid explains that he works for the â€Å"National Geographic† magazine rather than acting as an artist because no one is interested in his work as art. Both he and Francesca have settled into a life that isn't what they hoped it would be. What is wonderful about this plot point is that both are still successful in their lives and relatively happy. Neither one is miserable or particularly hurt by their experiences and yet, under all the layers of their existences lies a yearning for something more, a need to live out unfulfilled dreams and be glad to have dreamt them.The two embark upon a four day romance that is realistic and touching. Stre ep's' Francesca is highly aroused by the photographer and yet she is also aware of the â€Å"improper† nature of her feelings. Coming from what was probably a more liberal background (European, i.e. Italian), she has acclimated herself to the ways of rural Iowa life. To remind us of the narrow nature of the mores of the time, a tertiary character is shown to be the town's gossip (while Kinkaid is visiting) because her extramarital affair has recently been discovered.What follows in Waller's story-in-the-novel is his description of the actual affair that takes place between Robert and Francesca while her family is out of town, along with Robert's â€Å"proposal† that Francesca leave behind her unfulfilling life in Iowa and run away with him to places far and wide, a proposal that is entertained but ultimately turned down by the heroine.   Instead, Francesca places duty and fidelity in front of passion and romance, choosing to live out the remainder of her days on the farm outside of Winterset, Iowa.During one day in August for every year thereafter, however, she would gather props and remembrances and pay ceremonial homage to her romantic interlude by staging a solitary fantasy ritual recalling the original seduction.  Ã‚   Over the course of those two and one-half decades, Mrs. Johnson attempted to locate Kincaid only once, and then unsuccessfully, after the passing of her husband.Two final points are in order about Waller's telling of the story-within-the-novel. The first is that, notwithstanding the brevity of the actual affair of Robert and Francesca, Waller leaves little doubt that theirs was much more than a fleeting romance or momentary concession to impulse. As Robert said upon learning that Francesca must stay with her family, â€Å"In a universe of ambiguity, this kind of certainty comes only once.†(By this point in the story, such utterances are entirely in character for Mr. Kincaid, whose mystical mix of New Age sensitivity and Marlboro Man machismo Waller gives ample amplification relative to the largely ill-defined character of the heroine. â€Å"I am the highway and the peregrine and all the sails that ever went to sea,† Waller has Robert whispering into Francesca's ear.)   The last point worthy of underscoring here is the framing device used by  Waller in telling the story.Waller's reconstruction of the romance is portrayed as a truthful re-creation that he, as the teller, was able to piece together from a letter Francesca left for her children, recounting the affair that they read only after her death.Remarkably, and yet apparently of great importance in establishing the story's credibility among readers, Waller agrees to tell the story of Robert and Francesca only in response to an invitation from the late Francesca’s children.(3)Meryl Streep in the film successfully expressed Francesca’s struggle, happiness and failure in the film In the said film, Streep’s acting is effortless. We can credit her previous acting roles for her showcase of talent in the film because she has been in several drama movies before she did â€Å"Bridges of Madison County.†Moreover, Streep has won an Oscar award in a drama film Kramer vs. Kramer. In this film, she is a mother who left her family because of discontent which is also real because males today are much more concern with their careers than with their family. This is also quite true in the movie Bridges of Madison County because in the film it is implied that she is too a little discontented with her routinary life as a wife and mother. If she had been contented and happy, she would have ignored Robert Kincaid.   These questions and what ifs are clear indicators that Streep made us feel Francesca. Made us feel that she is a human subject to limitations.In addition, Streep was already forty-six years old when she did the film. As woman, as mother and as a wife, she has rich experiences in life which contribute in her acting. It was easy for her to internalize and give justice to her character because she has been through several experiences not only in her career as an actress but also as a woman in general.There is more to the brilliance in her acting in the said film, according to Streep in an interview on Entertainment Weekly Magazine (2000)â€Å"I had a picture of who this was – I knew it was an Italian war bride, and I had grown up down the street from one. Her husband was a tall, blond man, and she barely spoke any English. Over the years she learned – she was a very bright, interesting woman – but there was always something exotic about her. Anyway, the book had this woman in jeans and braless. It was just hard for me to understand her. I had a pretty vivid picture of her, and I didn't want to complicate it (laughs) with the author’s actual intent. I honestly didn't finish the book. I started it and then thought, I'll wait for the screenplay . The screenplay had a woman in it.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Clint called me and said ‘Just read the script. I want you to push past whatever you think you know about the book'.   Ã‚  Meryl Streep, More Magazine, December 2002Based from the interview we can say that her performance is significantly affected by the idea that she read the book which made her understand the character thoroughly in the novelist’s perspective and that Eastwood (the director) made sure that the script was well written.And lastly, it is always Streep’s passion to act and always it is her goal to deliver her character to the audience in the most realistic possible way.

High school Essay

Education Does the perfect high school exist? Is there a school out there in which the students are all nice and responsible, every teacher enforces learning on the classroom, and the school system always makes wise decisions? No, probably not. At least, not any school I have ever heard of. There are multiple problems affecting high schools today, usually being either issues personally affecting an individual student, or issues affecting the whole school. Some examples of these problems may be: bullying, dropping out, not studying or doing homework, getting pregnant, not being taught to a full extent, financial issues, and etcetera. Like most problems, there is always a solution that we could benefit from. One of the most major issues hurting high schools today has to do with students being lazy. Teens go to school for the majority of their day, which is typically seven hours. Once they finally get home, it is safe to assume that the last thing on students’ minds is homework. They think â€Å"I have been at school allllll day! This is my time to relax; I do not want to do school work anymore! † So instead, they choose to sit down and watch Jersey Shore or log onto their Facebook accounts. In â€Å"The Liberal Arts in an Age of Info-Glut† by Todd Gitlin, he talks about comedy writer Larry Gelbart referring to media as â€Å"weapons of mass distraction. † If you think about it, this is pretty accurate. Televisions, the internet, etc are nothing but examples of distraction. Most teenagers are not responsible enough to think â€Å"I cannot watch TV right now, I have to study,† so they usually spend the rest of their night watching TV, causing a failing grade on the next day’s test. Teens in high school are not fully matured. Obviously, if they were mature, they would realize the importance of their grades as opposed the importance of who got in a fight on Jersey Shore. Due to this fact, I think we should â€Å"Let Teenagers Try Adulthood. † In this passage, Leon Botstein supports his idea to give teens a chance at adult life. As I have mentioned, teenagers are not mature enough to make decisions that will be good for their future. So why not let them graduate at the age of sixteen in order for them to understand the significance of being a responsible, mature person? Letting them graduate earlier could more than likely help students realize that it is time to grow up and take action for their lives. And maybe then, less time will be spent watching television, and more time will be spent on productive things†¦ mainly because they would not have a choice! Another major problem in high schools is the extremely high rate of students dropping out of school early. Teens drop out of school for multiple different reasons. Some leave school to escape bullying. There is always that one kid who is bullied so much, he just cannot stand it any longer. This is usually the kid in the back of the classroom, trying to stay hidden from everyone else, not doing assignments or paying attention. Scurrilous peers tend to make students want to stay at home forever, and never come back to school. Dropping out of school may be the victim’s way of getting away. Some students drop school simply because of boredom. They get tired of doing the same thing, every day. They feel as though they are not getting anything from it. In David S. Broder’s â€Å"A Model for High Schools,† he states that â€Å"Too many students are dropping out of high school, bored or dissatisfied with what it offers. † Throughout my three years of high school, I have seen numerous issues arise. Due to these many issues, personally, I do not like high school a bit. The problem most chronic would definitely have to be teen pregnancy. I remember during my freshman year, there were about twenty different young girls roaming the halls with a baby bump. During my sophomore year, there were twelve. The majority of the young women in high school that are getting pregnant end up dropping out and totally ignoring their education in order to raise their child. Those who do not drop out still have to miss tons of days due to their pregnancy and child birth†¦ which means, these students will get very far behind in their work, and will have to catch up on their own. Now, I am not saying that these girls should not raise their children, or that they do not have a reason to be absent frequently, I am simply saying this: Do not get pregnant in the first place! Education should always come first. Once they miss that month of school, it is going to be extremely difficult for them to catch up on their work. Because of this, most students will just give up and drop out. No one wants to be stupid, have a child at 16, and have to work at McDonald’s just to buy diapers and a box of Cheerios! Although there are still many issues arising in high schools all throughout America, these are more than likely the worst. Laziness and irresponsibility, dropping out, and getting pregnant can all cause students to end up with no education whatsoever, and lead them to a life of serving customers at the local Wal-Mart.

Profile and Common Characteristics of a Pedophile

Profile and Common Characteristics of a Pedophile Pedophilia  is a psychiatric disorder in which an adult or older adolescent is sexually attracted to young children. Pedophiles can be anyone- old or young, rich or poor, educated or uneducated, non-professional or professional, and of any race. However, pedophiles often demonstrate similar characteristics. These are merely indicators and it should not be assumed that individuals with these characteristics are pedophiles. But knowledge of these characteristics coupled with questionable behavior can be used as an alert that someone may be a pedophile. Profile and Behavior Often male and over 30 years of age.Single or with few friends in his age group.Some  have mental illness, such as a mood or personality disorder.If married, the relationship is more companion based with no sexual relations in the early stages.Vague about time gaps in employment which may indicate a loss in employment for questionable reasons or possible past incarceration.Often talk to or treat children like adults. Interests and Hobbies Often fascinated with children and child activities, appearing to prefer those activities to adult oriented activities.Often refer to children in pure or angelic terms using descriptive words like innocent, heavenly, divine, pure, and other words that describe children but seem inappropriate and exaggerated.Hobbies are childlike, such as collecting popular expensive toys, keeping reptiles or exotic pets, or building plane and car models. Specific Age Targets Specific age of child they target; some prefer younger children, some older.Often his environment or a special room will be decorated in child-like decor and will appeal to the age and sex of the child he is trying to entice.Often prefer children close to puberty who are sexually inexperienced, but curious about sex. Relationships In most cases, the pedophile  turns out to be someone known to the child through school or another activity, such as a neighbor, teacher, coach, member of the clergy, music instructor, or babysitter. Family members like mothers, fathers, grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, uncles, cousins, stepparents, and so on may also be sexual predators. Employment The pedophile will often be employed in a position that involves daily contact with children. If not employed, he will put himself in a position to do volunteer work with children, often in a supervisory capacity such as sports coaching, contact-sport instruction, unsupervised tutoring or a position where he has the opportunity to spend unsupervised time with a child. The pedophile often seeks out shy, handicapped, and withdrawn children, or those who come from troubled homes or underprivileged homes. He then showers them with attention, gifts, taunting them with trips to desirable places like amusement parks, zoos, concerts, the beach, and other such places. Pedophiles work to master their manipulative skills and often unleash them on troubled children by first becoming their friend, building the childs self-esteem. They may refer to the child as special or mature, appealing to their need to be heard and understood, to then entice them with adult activities with sexual content like x-rated movies or pictures. Grooming like this often goes along with consumption of alcohol or drugs to hamper the ability to resist or recall events that occurred. Minor children cannot consent, and sex without consent is rape. Stockholm Syndrome It is not unusual for the child to develop feelings for the predator and desire their approval and continued acceptance. They will compromise their innate ability to decipher good and bad behavior, ultimately justifying the criminals bad behavior out of sympathy and concern for the adults welfare. This is often compared to Stockholm Syndrome- when victims become attached emotionally to their captors. Friendship With Parents Many times pedophiles will develop a close relationship with a single parent in order to get close to their children. Once inside the home, they have many opportunities to manipulate the children- using guilt, fear, and love to confuse the child. If the childs parent works, it offers the pedophile the private time needed to abuse the child. Fighting Back Pedophiles work hard at stalking their targets and will patiently work to develop relationships with them. It is not uncommon for them to be developing a long list of potential victims at any one time. Many of them believe that what they are doing is not wrong and that having sex with a child is actually healthy for the child. Almost all pedophiles have a collection of pornography, which they protect at all costs. Many of them also collect souvenirs from their victims. They rarely discard either their porn or collections for any reason. One factor that works against the pedophile is that eventually the children will grow up and recall the events that occurred. Often pedophiles are not brought to justice until such time occurs and victims are angered by being victimized and want to protect other children from the same consequences. Laws such as Megans Law- a federal law passed in 1996 that authorizes local law enforcement agencies to notify the public about convicted sex offenders living, working or visiting their communities, have helped expose the pedophile and allows parents to better protect their children.

The Logical Fallacy of Stacking the Deck

The Logical Fallacy of Stacking the Deck The term stacking the deck is a  fallacy in which any evidence that supports an opposing argument is simply rejected, omitted, or ignored. Stacking the deck is a technique thats commonly used in propaganda. It is also known as special pleading, ignoring the counterevidence, slanting, or one-sided assessment. Examples and Observations People sometimes make decisions by folding a piece of paper in half, and listing reasons in favor on one side, and reasons against on the other; then they decide intuitively which side has stronger (not necessarily more) reasons. This method forces us to look at both sides of an issue before we decide. In the incorrect form, we just look at half the picture; this is called stacking the deck. (Harry J. Gensler, Introduction to Logic. Routledge, 2002)Gamblers stack the deck in their favor by arranging the cards so that they will win. Writers stack the deck by ignoring any evidence or arguments that dont support their position. I once experienced stacking the deck when I went to buy a used car. The man trying to sell me the car talked only about how wonderful the car was. After I bought the car, another man tried to sell me an extended warranty by pointing out all the things that could break down. (Gary Layne Hatch, Arguing in Communities. Mayfield, 1996) Deck Stacking in Arguments for and Against the Legalization of Drugs [A] recent ABC show on drugs . . . distorted, omitted or manipulated drug reality. What was piously described as an attempt to open discussion on different approaches to the drug problem was simply a long promotion for legalization of drugs. . . .The program dwells with utmost respect on legalization efforts in Britain and the Netherlands. But it omits evidence of failure. It gives no time to British and Dutch experts who say they have been a disaster, or to Zurichs decision to close its infamous needle park, or to the rise in crime and drug addiction in the Netherlands, or the fact that Italy, which decriminalized possession of heroin in 1975, now leads Western Europe in per capita heroin addiction, with 350,000 addicts.The deck is stacked like a monte game. The advocates of some form of legalization include a judge, police chiefs, a mayor. But nothing is said about the great majority of judges, police officers and mayors who are opposed to legalization by any alias. (A.M. Rosentha l, On My Mind; Stacking the Deck. The New York Times, April 14, 1995) When the White House issued a statement last night saying that marijuana should remain illegalresponding to our pro-legalization editorial seriesofficials there weren’t just expressing an opinion. They were following the law. The White House Office of National Drug Control Policy is required by statute to oppose all efforts to legalize any banned drug.It’s one of the most anti-scientific, know-nothing provisions in any federal law, but it remains an active imposition on every White House. The drug czar, as the director of the drug control policy office is informally known, must take such actions as necessary to oppose any attempt to legalize the use of a substance that’s listed on Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act and has no approved medical use.Marijuana fits that description, as do heroin and LSD. But unlike those far more dangerous drugs, marijuana has medical benefits that are widely known and are now officially recognized in 35 states. The drug cza r, though, isn’t allowed to recognize them, and whenever any member of Congress tries to change that, the White House office is required to stand up and block the effort. It cannot allow any federal study that might demonstrate the rapidly changing medical consensus on marijuana’s benefits and its relative lack of harm compared to alcohol and tobacco.(David Firestone, The Required White House Response on Marijuana. The New York Times, July 29, 2014) Stacking the Deck on Talk Shows Biased talk-show hosts often stack the deck in their discussions of controversial issues by choosing more qualified and dynamic guests to represent the viewpoints they favor. If, by chance, the other guests seem to be overcoming the disadvantage, the host will interrupt and make it a two-on-one debate. An even more outrageous form of stacking the deck is for talk-show hosts and program directors to ignore entirely the side of the issue they disagree with.(Vincent Ryan Ruggiero, Making Your Mind Matter: Strategies for Increasing Practical Intelligence. Rowman Littlefield, 2003)

History of Windows Server Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of Windows Server - Essay Example A better appreciation of the current server operating system is more possible if the earlier versions before 2003 are included in the appreciation of the Windows servers. The Windows server prototypes were the NT platforms which began with the release of Windows NT Advanced Server 3.1 in 1993 upgraded to Windows NT Server 3.5 in 1994, Windows Server 3.51 in 1995, Windows Server 4.0 in 1996, Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition in 1997, Windows NT Server 4.0 Terminal Server Edition in 1998, and winds up with the Windows 2000 Server Platform (multiple editions) in 2000 where the NT part of the title was completely given up. A discussion of the early Windows server O/S is vital because they form the basis of the more modern versions. In addition, a complete historical perspective will give emphasis to the leaps and bounds by which the 21st Windows servers have progressed. Microsoft introduced its first server operating system with Windows NT version 3.1. This version is a 32-bit system that incorporated Win32 concepts that are MS DOS, Windows, OS/2 and POSIX compatible. It also provided a US Government C-2 security level protection as well as â€Å"portability to different microprocessor architectures, symmetric multiprocessing support, built-in networking capabilities and support for multilingual applications† (Allan p. 15/2). The NY system is usable in Intel microprocessors, MIPS workstations and the DEC Alpha architecture, needs 12 to 16 megabytes of memory to work and requires a 486 processor or better and more powerful microprocessors (Allan p. 15/2). The following year, version 3.5 came out in September, which upgraded the earlier version by reducing the hardware requirements and advancing reliability (Allan p. 15/3). This version was characterized by enhanced speed and greater connectivity to Novell and UNIX, two of Microsoft’s stiff competitors (Long 2008). It was however, version 3.51 that was considered the

NHRDA (National Hot Rod Diesel Association) Essay

NHRDA (National Hot Rod Diesel Association) - Essay Example Also, since the diesel powered vehicles were replacing the gas powered vehicle, this offered an even greater chance for growth. This trend will further continue since diesel power vehicles seem to be far more efficient and also powerful as compared to other counterparts. The NHRDA is still striving to place all related products as well as the companies associated with the series on quite a high profile and at the same time offering awareness to the potential consumers to add to the returns. The NHRDA was initiated with one single event which was held at the west coast during the 2004, which has now been evolved to 6 Divisional point series which is held across North America. This event culminates with National Points championship along with World Finals competition. Since its founding, the sole aim has been to make Diesel Motorsports as one of the national pastimes for the motorsports enthusiasts. Nowadays, the NHRDA popularity has taken a whole new turn. Back in 2012, the NHRDA managed to televise around 5 marque events all over National TV via various mediums including Fox Sports Net, USTREAM.tv and also 1320go.com. The enhancement in the exposure has added towards further generating success for the racing series and so for those sponsoring the event as well. The NHRDA is unmatched for the commitment towards working in liaison with the leading distributors, manufacturers, and also installation shops functional over the diesel performance industry in an effort to promote awareness for the products. NHRDA is a world class organization which promotes as well as organizes Diesel Drag Races Show n Shines, Sled Pulls, the Burnout Contests and Dyno competitions. The events are held exclusively over NHRA tracks, where it is crucial to follow Official NHRA Regulations. The results being yielded have been quite promising with an average growth rate

Health of the Aging (CASE) Module 1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health of the Aging (CASE) Module 1 - Coursework Example These reforms create cost-sharing and premium subsidies, create new markets for purchasing of health insurance, and develop new rules that would govern health insurance and the involved industry (Rosenbaum, 2011). The second element that has an impact on the elderly involves ensuring accessibility of the populations that are medically underserved to primary health care. Due to the elevated health risks involved with the elderly, they remain underserved in the society, thus prompting for the need of establishment of a system that will provide utmost care for them. The provision of long-term care has a direct impact on the elderly as most of the elderly individuals suffer from chronic illnesses such as diabetes among others, which require lifetime management (Rosenbaum, 2011). The intent of the Health insurance coverage reforms is to establish standards that guide insurers to mitigate the discrimination that initially existed against older people and other highly vulnerable groups including women and children (Rosenbaum, 2011). As such, this element bans the annual coverage limitations, use of conditions already in existence and prolonged waiting periods. On the other hand, the intent of improving the accessibility to primary health care is to mitigate the shortage in health care professionals, who provide primary health care. This can be achieved through investing in the development of the community health centers and the establishment of the National Health Service Corps. Lastly, the intent of the long-term care initiative is to protect the families of individuals who are terminally ill from becoming bankrupt through the establishment of Medicaid options that facilitate community-based care (Rosenbaum, 2011). The Patient Protection and Affordable Act is likely to lead to low access to Medicare for the older adults in the long term given that it mandates Medicare payment reductions. As such, funding cuts on the involved services have a direct